8000 kilometers per second: Star with the shortest orbital period around black hole discovered




The quickest star in existence has been found by scientists from Masaryk University in Brno, Czech Republic, and the University of Cologne. This star circumnavigates a black hole in record time. The star S4716 travels at a speed of around 8000 kilometers per second as it circles Sagittarius A*, the black hole at the center of our Milky Way, every four years. By astronomical standards, S4716 is only 100 AU (astronomical unit) away from the black hole. The distance between one AU and 149,597,870 kilometers. The Astrophysical Journal has published the work.

A tightly packed cluster of stars is located close to the black hole that lies at the center of our galaxy. There are considerably over 100 stars in this cluster, known as the S cluster, with varying brightness and masses. S stars move really quickly. According to Dr. Florian Peissker, main author of the current study, "One prominent component, S2, behaves like a big person sitting in front of you at a movie theater: it blocks your vision of what's essential." 'The view into the heart of our galaxy is consequently often clouded by S2. However, we may briefly glimpse the center black hole's environs.

The scientist has now positively found a star that orbits the center supermassive black hole in just four years using progressively improved methods of analysis and observations spanning almost twenty years. Five telescopes in all were used to examine the star, and four of them were merged into one huge telescope to enable even more precise and thorough studies. It was totally unexpected for a star to be in a stable orbit so quickly and near to a supermassive black hole, and it indicates the upper limit of what can be seen with conventional telescopes, according to Peissker.

Additionally, the discovery provides new insight into the beginning and development of fast-moving star orbits in the Milky Way's central region. According to Michael Zajaek, an astronomer at Masaryk University in Brno who worked on the project, "S4716's short-period, tight orbit is rather intriguing." Star formation is more difficult close to a black hole. S4716 had to migrate closer to other stars and objects in the S cluster, for example, which resulted in a dramatic contraction of its orbit,' he continued.



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Materials provided by University of Cologne. Note: Content may be edited for style and length.

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